НовостиNews
-
ПоискSearch
-
ТекстыTexts
-
ФотоPhotos
-
КартыMaps
-
СнаряжениеEquipment
-
LTLT
| material | 77K | 4K | Ref. |
| Si | 0.023 | 0.022 | [1] |
| W | 0.081 | 0.088 | [1] |
| Mo | 0.089 | 0.090 | [2] |
| Nb | 0.129 | 0.143 | [1] |
| Excel GRP tube | 0.143 | - | [9] |
| Macor | 0.147 | 0.169 | [3] |
| Hastalloy C | 0.204 | 0.218 | [1] |
| SS 304/316 | 0.278 | 0.297 | [1] |
| Au | 0.278 | 0.324 | [2] |
| Cu | 0.302 | 0.326 | [1] |
| Brass 70/30 (soft) | 0.337 | 0.369 | [1] |
| Brass 65/35 | 0.350 | 0.384 | [1] |
| Ag | 0.366 | 0.413 | [2] |
| Al | 0.390 | 0.414 | [1] |
| Torlon 4203 | 0.393 | 0.454 | [4] |
| Stycast-2850FT | 0.400 | 0.440 | [1] |
| PET | 0.428 | 0.511 | [16] |
| GRP | 0.517 | 0.579 | [5][9] |
| Vespel SP-22 | 0.558 | 0.633 | [6] |
| Pb | 0.577 | 0.708 | [2] |
| Zn | 0.588 | 0.683 | [2] |
| In | 0.595 | 0.706 | [2] |
| PEEK | 0.917 | 1.048 | [15] |
| Stycast-1266 | 1.035 | 1.150 | [6] |
| Epoxy CY221/HY979 | 1.089 | 1.224 | [15] |
| Polycarbonate | 1.158 | 1.314 | [15] |
| Nylon | 1.25 | 1.39 | [1] |
| Polyamide PA12 | 1.717 | 1.862 | [15] |
| Teflon | 1.93 | 2.14 | [1] |
| Torlon 4203 | $6.13\cdot10^{-5}\,T^{2.18}$ | [4], 0.1 - 5 K | |
| GRP,Nylon | $2.42\cdot10^{-5}\,T^{1.77}$ | [5], 0.2 - 5 K | |
| Nylon | $2.6\cdot10^{-5}\,T^{1.75}$ | [13] | |
| G10-CR (glass-reinforced epoxy) | $2.523\cdot10^{-4}\,T^{2.21}$ | [7] | |
| Macor | $1.127\cdot10^{-5}\,T^{2.82}$ | [7] | |
| Vespel SP1 | $1.178\cdot10^{-5}\,T^{1.45}$ | [7] | |
| Vespel SP1 | $1.8\cdot10^{-5}\,T^{1.21}$ | [13] | |
| Vespel SP5 (30% glass) | $3.0\cdot10^{-5}\,T^{1.73}$ | [13] | |
| Vespel SP22 (40% graphite) | $1.7\cdot10^{-5}\,T^{1.85}$ | [12] | |
| Vespel SP22 (40% graphite) | $1.7\cdot10^{-5}\,T^{2.0}$ | [13] | |
| manganin | $5.976\cdot10^{-4}\,T^{1.02}$ | [7] | |
| CuNi | $6.5\cdot10^{-4}\,T^{1.1}$ | [12] | |
| Nb | ?? $0.2\,T^3$ | [8], 0.04 - 4 K - check units! | |
| NbTi wire | $1.5\cdot10^{-4}\,T^{2.0}$ | [12] | |
| Stycast-1266 | $4.9\cdot10^{-4}\,T^{1.98}$ | [11] 0.045 - 0.45K | |
| Stycast-1266 | $3.9\cdot10^{-4}\,T^{1.9}$ | [12] | |
| Stycast-2850FT | $9.2\cdot10^{-5}\,T^{2.65}$ | [12] | |
| Araldite CT200 | $2.4\cdot10^{-4}\,T^{1.74}$ | [13] | |
| PET | depends on cristallinity | [7] and links there | |
| PEEK | no agreement | [7] and links there | |
| PEEK | $18.7\cdot10^{-6}\,T^{1.47}$ | [17] 0.1 - 1 K |
Torlon = Tecator = Duratron = PAI (polyamide-imide)
[1] T. H. K. Barron, G. K. White,
Heat Capacity and Thermal Expansion at Low Temperatures
Springer US, Year: 1999,
ISBN: 978-1-4613-7126-7,978-1-4615-4695-5
[2] R. J. Corruccini, J. J. Gniewek,
Thermal expansion of technical solids at low temperatures,
National Bureau of Standards, 1961
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/MONO/nbsmonograph29.pdf
[3] G. Nunes, Dinsie Williams,
Thermal contraction of ultrahigh vacuum materials for scanning probe microscopy from 300 to 4 K,
J.Vac.Sci. 13, 1063-1065 (1995)
https://avs.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1116/1.587905
[4] G. Ventura, G. Bianchini, E. Gottardi, I. Peroni, A. Peruzzi,
Thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of Torlon at low temperatures,
Cryogenics, 39, 481-484 (1999)
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0011-2275(99)00051-X
[4a] M. Barucci, E. Olivieri, E. Pasca, et al.,
Thermal conductivity of Torlon between 4.2 and 300 K,
Cryogenics, 45 295 (2005)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011227505000032
[5] M. Barucci, G. Bianchini, T. Del Rosso, E. Gottardi, I. Peronic, G. Ventura,
Thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of glass-fibre reinforced nylon at low temperature,
Cryogenics, 40, 465-467 (2000))
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0011-2275(00)00067-9
[6] G. W. Swift, R. E. Packard,
Thermal contraction of Vespel SP22 and Stycast 1266 from 300K to 4K,
Cryogenics, 19, 362-363 (1979))
https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2275(79)90161-9
[7] Adam L. Woodcraft, Adam Gray,
A low temperature thermal conductivity database,
AIP Conference Proceedings 1185, 681 (2009);
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3292433
(Macor, Vespel SP-1, G-10CR, Manganin, Ti6Al4V, PET, PEEK, AXM-5Q)
[8] Anderson, A. C. and Satterthwaite, C. B. and Smith, S. C.,
Thermal Conductivity of Superconducting Niobium,
Phys. Rev. B, 3, (1971)
https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.3.3762
[9] 2018_th_exp.htm
[11] Armstrong, G. and Greenberg, A. S. and Sites, J. R.,
Very low temperature thermal conductivity and optical properties of Stycast 1266 epoxy,
Rev.of Sci.Instr., 49, 345-347 (1978)
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1135404
[12] J.R. Olson,
Thermal conductivity of some common cryostat materials between 0.05 and 2 K,
Cryogenics, 33, 729--731 (1993)
http://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2275%2893%2990027-l
[13] M. Locatelli; D. Arnaud; M. Routin,
Thermal conductivity of some insulating materials materials below 1 K,
Cryogenics, 16, 374--375 (1976)
http://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2275%2876%2990220-4
[14] P. E. Bradley, R. Radebaugh,
Properties of selected materials at cryogenic temperatures
https://ws680.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=913059
[15] G. Baschek and G. Hartwig
Parameters influencing the thermal expansion of polymers and fibre composites
Cryogenics, 38, 99-103 (1998)
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0011-2275(97)00117-3
[16] R.P. Reed; R.E. Schramm; A.F. Clark
Mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of selected polymers
Cryogenics, 13, 0011-2275 (1973)
http://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2275%2873%2990129-x